You may have come across eco-friendly products labelled as “biodegradable” or “compostable”. Even though these terms are both used interchangeably, they don’t mean the same. So, what really is the difference between the two?
All compostable items are biodegradable but not all biodegradable items are compostable. Continue reading to understand the differences between biodegradable and compostable products.
WHAT IS BIODEGRADABLE ?
Anything that is plant-based or animal-based is biodegradable. They break down into smaller pieces and return to nature. The ability of these materials to biodegrade helps reduce waste accumulated in the landfill.
WHAT IS COMPOSTABLE ?
Compostable items are quite similar to biodegradable materials since they both return to nature. However, the added benefit of compostable materials is that they break down into non-toxic components.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS ?
Both types are better than plastic products that can take hundreds of years to decompose.
Biodegradable waste helps decrease the waste sent to the landfill. It also takes less energy for manufacturing and releases fewer harmful substances when processed.
Composting helps return organic carbon back to the earth while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It also eliminates the need for chemical fertilizers for plants. Composting is a faster process but requires specific conditions. They’re only designed to be composted in a compost heap.
HOW DO THEY BREAK DOWN ?
While biodegradable materials break down into natural elements, they may still leave behind toxic residue.
Compostable items on the other hand, leave behind a single organic material known as humus which is full of nutrients and is great for plants.
WHAT DO THEY REQUIRE ?
The striking difference between the two is that compostable products demand for a specific setting to break down unlike biodegradable products that would break down naturally. Biodegradable items require heat, water, oxygen and microorganisms but may never fully break down.
Compostable materials have the same requirements but need better accuracy as they have the ability to fully break down.
WHERE IS IT PROCESSED ?
Biodegradable items demand for the right factors such as proper disposal to facilities that will provide the right temperature and moisture.
Composting can be done at home but requires proper management. Some products however, require to be sent to facilities that will regulate the necessary conditions for proper composting. Read the labels on each product carefully.
HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO DECOMPOSE ?
It depends on certain factors. If placed in a microbe-rich environment, biodegradable items can take about a few months to a few years to decompose.
Meanwhile, compostable items decay faster (within months) and enrich the soil.
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Written by, Angelica Cardoza
